β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide disodium salt

NADH (β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Reduced) is a bioactive coenzyme involved in cellular energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. It plays a central role in the electron transport chain and ATP production, supporting metabolic activity at the cellular level.

As global demand for energy support, cognitive performance, and longevity-focused formulations continues to grow, NADH has become an increasingly valuable ingredient in dietary supplements, sports nutrition, and advanced mitochondrial health products.
Aidu Biotech supplies high-purity NADH powder manufactured under strict quality control standards, suitable for use in nutraceutical and functional nutrition formulations worldwide.

Product Description

Appearance: White to slightly yellowish powder
Solubility: Freely soluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol
CAS Number: 606-68-8
Molecular Weight: 709.4
Molecular Formula: C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂

Application: Dietary supplements, sports nutrition, functional foods

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Product Specifications

Product Process and Advantages

· Green Enzymatic Process: AIDU uses a proprietary enzymatic method mimicking natural pathways to produce NADH with high purity, zero heavy metal residues, and no by-products—cleaner and more sustainable than chemical synthesis.

The overall production workflow includes:
Enzymatic conversion → Enzyme removal → Concentration → Desalination → Reconcentration → Crystallization → Centrifugation → Drying → Metal detection → Packaging

· Exceptional Stability: Advanced crystallization and moisture control technologies ensure the product remains chemically stable under ambient storage, simplifying formulation into capsules, tablets, or powders.

· Strict Compliance: Manufactured in a cGMP/ISO9001-certified facility with SSC22000, HALAL, and KOSHER certifications—meeting global quality and food safety standards.
· Vertical Integration: From enzyme development to final production, AIDU controls the entire supply chain, offering competitive pricing and stable supply while mitigating raw material fluctuations.
· High Purity Control: Multi-stage purification guarantees >98% purity with absorbance ratios that meet international pharmacopoeia standards, ensuring safety and efficacy for nutraceutical applications.

Product Functions and Mechanisms

1.Support cellular energy production

NADH directly donates electrons to Complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, facilitating ATP synthesis and enhancing cellular bioenergetics. As a core molecule in mitochondrial energy metabolism, NADH participates in Complex I of the electron transport chain, directly powering ATP synthesis. Studies have demonstrated that restoring the mitochondrial NADH oxidation capacity via NDI1 (NADH dehydrogenase) can significantly improve the cellular energy metabolic state [1, 9]. The mitochondrial electron transport chain couples NADH oxidation with proton pumping across the inner membrane, and the resulting electrochemical gradient is utilized by H+-ATP synthase to synthesize ATP [9]. When each molecule of NADH is oxidized within mitochondria, it drives the production of multiple ATP molecules, serving as the "powerhouse" of cellular energy.

2.Maintain Redox Balance

NADH plays a pivotal role in regulating the intracellular NAD⁺/NADH ratio, supporting oxidative stress management, and providing cellular protection. The intracellular NAD⁺/NADH ratio is crucial for the regulation of redox reactions, and the balance between these two forms is essential for efficient energy metabolism, being regulated by the activity of lactate dehydrogenase, the malate-aspartate shuttle, and the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle [7]. Studies have shown that dysregulation of the NAD⁺/NADH ratio is closely associated with the aging process, including age-related neurodegenerative diseases and progressive cognitive decline [7].

A summary of the mechanisms of NAD+ dependence in brain aging and neurodegeneration [7]

Research in Arabidopsis thaliana has revealed that the mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle is involved in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis, with mutants exhibiting an elevated NADH/NAD⁺ ratio and altered reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis [2]. Preserving the NAD⁺/NADH balance is vital for the cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms, the maintenance of calcium homeostasis, and cell survival.

3. Cognitive and Neurological Support

NADH participates in neurotransmitter synthesis pathways and has been incorporated into formulation research aimed at enhancing mental clarity and alleviating fatigue. NAD⁺ and its reduced form, NADH, are of particular importance to brain cells, as the central nervous system heavily relies on ATP availability to maintain brain plasticity [7]. NAD⁺, NADH, and their metabolites exert significant effects on synaptic plasticity, cell death, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, as well as intercellular communication and the rearrangement of intracellular signaling pathways [7].

A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study demonstrated that stabilized NADH (20mg sublingual tablet) effectively improved cognitive decline and drowsiness induced by jet lag. Subjects receiving NADH performed significantly better than the placebo group on four cognitive test indicators (P ≤ 0.05), with no adverse effects observed [3]. This clearly indicates the clinical application potential of NADH in improving cognitive function and alleviating fatigue.

4. Anti-Fatigue and Sports Nutrition Applications

NADH supports endurance and post-exercise recovery by enhancing mitochondrial efficiency. Research has shown that the combination of nicotinamide riboside (NR) supplementation and Zone 2 training may enhance mitochondrial function and aerobic adaptability by elevating NAD⁺ levels [4]. Mitochondria, as core organelles, are responsible for providing ATP to meet the bioenergetic demands of cells, a role that is particularly crucial during exercise. Endurance exercise improves overall aerobic capacity by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis [8].
In mouse models, supplementation with NAD⁺-boosting compounds significantly increased the content of both NAD⁺ and NADH (by 29-42% and 72-39% respectively), while also improving mitochondrial function, promoting carbohydrate utilization, and enhancing metabolic flexibility [8]. These findings support the application potential of NADH in sports nutrition, as it enhances endurance and post-exercise recovery through the optimization of mitochondrial function.

Typical Formulation Combinations

NADH is frequently combined with other metabolic and mitochondrial support ingredients to enhance formulation synergy.

Common formulation partners include:

• Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) – mitochondrial energy support
• PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) – mitochondrial biogenesis
• Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) – antioxidant and metabolic support
• NMN / NR – NAD⁺ metabolism support
• Creatine Monohydrate – cellular energy buffering

These combinations are widely used in energy, cognitive health, and longevity supplements.

Applications

Thanks to its role in cellular energy production and mitochondrial function, NADH is widely used across multiple nutraceutical product categories.
Dietary Supplements
NADH is commonly formulated in energy support capsules, anti-fatigue supplements, and longevity-focused nutraceutical products targeting cellular vitality.
Sports Nutrition
In sports performance formulations, NADH is used to support energy metabolism, endurance capacity, and recovery from physical exertion.
Cognitive Health Formulations
NADH is increasingly incorporated into brain health supplements designed to support cognitive performance, focus, and mental energy.
Functional Foods and Beverages
The ingredient can also be applied in functional beverages, energy drinks, and metabolic vitality products, where cellular energy support is a key consumer benefit.
Mitochondrial & Longevity Formulas
As interest in mitochondrial health and longevity science grows globally, NADH is becoming an important component in advanced cellular energy formulations.

Packaging & Storage

Packaging Specifications: 1kg/aluminum foil bag, 5kg/aluminum foil bag, 10kg/aluminum foil bag, 25kg/cardboard drum (customizable)
Shelf Life: 24 months

Storage Conditions: Sealed, protected from light, and stored in a dry place; long-term storage is recommended at 2-8°C under refrigeration.

Why Choose Aidu Bio as Your NADH Supplier

Aidu Bio is a professional manufacturer and supplier of high-quality nutraceutical ingredients, serving global supplement b

Our advantages include:

• Integrated manufacturing and supply chain
• Stable large-scale production capacity
• Strict quality control and international certifications
• OEM / private label supplement solutions
• Reliable export experience to global markets

We are committed to supporting partners with consistent ingredient quality, competitive pricing, and long-term supply reliability.

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References:

[1] Perales-Clemente E, et al. Restoration of electron transport without proton pumping in mammalian mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008;105(48):18735-9.

[2] Involvement of a glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in modulating the NADH/NAD+ ratio. NRC Publications Archive.

[3] Birkmayer GD, et al. Stabilized NADH (ENADA) improves jet lag-induced cognitive performance deficit. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2002;152(17-18):450-4.

[4] Effects of NR supplementation on metabolic flexibility during Zone 2 training. ICHGCP. 2026.

[5] Williamson DH, et al. The redox state of free nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of rat liver. Biochem J. 1967;103(2):514-27.

[6] Pathobiochemistry of Aging and Neurodegeneration: Deregulation of NAD+ Metabolism in Brain Cells. Biomolecules. 2024;14(12):1556.

[7] Daussin F, et al. Dietary (-)-epicatechin boosts NAD+ metabolism and stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle from mice. European Congress of Sport Science. 2020.

[8] Restoration of electron transport without proton pumping in mammalian mitochondria. PNAS. 2008.